New Scheme Based On AICTE Flexible Curricula
Electrical Engineering, VI-Semester EE-601 Electrical Machine Design
OBJECTIVES:
To study mmf calculation and thermal rating of various types of electrical machines. To design armature and field systems for D.C. machines.
To design core, yoke, windings and cooling systems of transformers. To design stator and rotor of induction machines.
To design stator and rotor of synchronous machines and study their thermal behaviour.
Unit-I Fundamental Aspects of Electrical Machine Design
Fundamental Aspects of Electrical Machine Design: Design of Machines, Design Factors, Limitations in design, Modern Trends in design, manufacturing Techniques.
Electrical Engineering Materials: Desirabilities of Conducting Materials, Comparison of Aluminium and Copper wires. Ferromagnetic Materials: Soft Magnetic materials – Solid Core Materials, Electrical Sheet and Strip, Cold Rolled Grain Oriented Steel. Insulating Materials: Desirable Properties, Temperature Rise and Insulating Materials, Classification of Insulating materials based on Thermal Consideration.
Unit-II Design of DC Machines
Design of DC Machines: Output Equation, Choice of Specific Loadings and Choice of Number of Poles, Main Dimensions of armature, Design of Armature Slot Dimensions, Commutator and Brushes. Estimation of Ampere Turns for the Magnetic Circuit. Dimensions of Yoke, Main Pole and Air Gap. Design of Shunt and Series Field Windings.
Unit-III Design of Transformers
Design of Transformers: Output Equations of Single Phase and Three Phase Transformers, Choice of Specific Loadings, Expression for Volts/Turn, Determination of Main Dimensions of the Core, Estimation of Number of Turns and Conductor Cross Sectional area of Primary and Secondary Windings, No Load Current. Expression for the Leakage Reactance of core type transformer with concentric coils, and calculation of Voltage Regulation. Design of Tank and Cooling (Round and Rectangular) Tubes.
Unit-IV Design of Three Phase Induction Motors
Design of Three Phase Induction Motors: Output Equation, Choice of Specific Loadings, Main Dimensions of Stator. Design of stator slots and Winding, Choice of Length Air Gap, Estimation of Number of Slots for Squirrel Cage Rotor. Design of Rotor Bars and End Ring. Design of Slip Ring rotor. Estimation of No Load Current and Leakage Reactance.
Unit-V Design of Three Phase Synchronous Machines and Computer aided Design (CAD):
Design of Three Phase Synchronous Machines: Output Equation, Choice of Specific Loadings, Short Circuit Ratio, Main Dimensions of Stator. Design of stator slots and Winding. Design of Salient and non- salient Pole Rotors. Magnetic Circuit and Field Winding.
Ability to model and analyze electrical apparatus and their application to power system
TEXT BOOKS:
Sawhney, A.K., ‘A Course in Electrical Machine Design’, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, New Delhi, 1984.
M.V.Deshpande “Design and Testing of Electrical Machine Design” Wheeler Publications, 2010.
References:-
A.Shanmuga Sundaram, G.Gangadharan, R.Palani ‘Electrical Machine Design Data Book’, New Age International Pvt. Ltd., Reprint, 2007.
R.K.Agarwal “ Principles of Electrical Machine Design” Esskay Publications, Delhi, 2002.
Sen, S.K., ‘Principles of Electrical Machine Designs with Computer Programmes’, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1987.
Experiment List
To study the laboratory measuring instruments and their application.
To Understand the Name plate Data / specification of Electrical Machines.
To demonstrate construction and working of DC Machines with their Functional Details.
To demonstrate the constructional part and working principal of AC Motors.
To demonstrate the constructional part and working principal of Transformers.
To perform tests for performance calculation of 1-phase and 3-phase Transformer.
To demonstrate construction and working of Magnetic Contractor.
To study the Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB).
To demonstrate the working principle of miniature circuit breaker (MCB).
To demonstrate constructional parts and working principle of induction type energy meter (KWh meter).
To demonstrate the construction and working principle of thermal over load relay.
To study Transformer oil insulation test.
To demonstrate the working of principle of Earth tester.
Study, Industrial applications of machines and drives for desired performance.
New Scheme Based On AICTE Flexible Curricula
Electrical Engineering, VI-Semester EE-602 Power System-II
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to
Use numerical methods to analyse a power system in steady state.
Understand stability constraints in a synchronous grid.
Understand methods to control the voltage, frequency and power flow.
Understand the monitoring and control of a power system.
Understand the basics of power system economics.
Review of the structure of a Power System and its components. Analysis of Power Flows: Formation of Bus Admittance Matrix. Real and reactive power balance equations at a node. Load and Generator Specifications. Application of numerical methods for solution of nonlinear algebraic equations – Gauss Seidel and Newton- Raphson methods for the solution of the power flow equations. Computational Issues in Large-scale Power Systems
Swing Equations of a synchronous machine connected to an infinite bus. Power angle curve. Description of the phenomena of loss of synchronism in a single-machine infinite bus system following a disturbance like a three-- phase fault. Analysis using numerical integration of swing equations (using methods like Forward Euler, Runge- Kutta 4th order methods), as well as the Equal Area Criterion. Impact of stability constraints on Power System Operation. Effect of generation rescheduling and series compensation of transmission lines on stability.
Turbines and Speed-Governors, Frequency dependence of loads, Droop Control and Power Sharing. Automatic Generation Control. Generation and absorption of reactive power by various components of a Power System. Excitation System Control in synchronous generators, Automatic Voltage Regulators. Shunt Compensators, Static VAR compensators and STATCOMs. Tap Changing Transformers. Power flow control using embedded dc links, phase shifters.
Overview of Energy Control Centre Functions: SCADA systems. Phasor Measurement Units and Wide-Area Measurement Systems. State-estimation. System Security Assessment. Normal, Alert, Emergency, Extremis states of a Power System. Contingency Analysis. Preventive Control and Emergency Control.
Basic Pricing Principles: Generator Cost Curves, Utility Functions, Power Exchanges, Spot Pricing. Electricity Market Models (Vertically Integrated, Purchasing Agency, Whole-sale competition, Retail Competition), Demand Side-management, Transmission and Distributions charges, Ancillary Services. Regulatory framework.
Modern Power System Analysis, D.P. Kothari & I.J. Nagrath, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
Electrical Power Systems, Subir Ray, PHI
Switchgear protection and power systems, Sunil S Rao, Khanna Publications.
A text book on Power System Engineering, M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S. Bhatnagar & A. Chakrabarti, Dhanpat Rai & CO.
Protection & Switchgear, B. Bhalja, R.P. Maheshwari, N.G.Chothani, Oxford.
Power system protection & switchgear, B.Ram & D.N. Vishwakarma, Tata McGraw Hill.
Handbook of Electrical Power Distribution, G. Ramamurthy, University Press
Electric Power Transmission and Distribution, S. Sivanagaraju, S.Satyanarayana, Pearson Education.
Power Systems Stability, Vol. I,II & II, E.W. Kimbark, Wiley.
Power Engineering, D.P Kothari & I.J. Nagrath, Tata McGraw Hill.
Power Systems Analysis, A. R. Bergen & V. Vittal, Pearson Education. 8. Computer Aided Power systems analysis, Dr. G. Kusic, CEC press.
Study on (i) on load Time Delay Relay (ii) off load Time Delay Relay.
Polarity, Ratio and Magnetisation Characteristics Test of CT & PT.
To develop a program in Matlab for information of Y-bus matrix for N bus system.
Load flow solution for 3-bus system using Gauss Seidel, Newton Raphson and FDLF methods up to 3 iteration.
Load flow solution for IEEE 6-bus and 30-bus system in Matlab using Newton Raphson method.
Assessment of transient stability of a single machine system.
Effect of compensation on voltage profile of IEEE 6-bussystem.
Study of any software tools (PSAT, EDSA, MY POWER, ETAP etc).
Departmental Elective EE-603(A) Power System Protection
Understand the different components of a protection system.
Evaluate fault current due to different types of fault in a network.
Understand the protection schemes for different power system components.
Understand the basic principles of digital protection.
Understand system protection schemes, and the use of wide-area measurements.
Principles of Power System Protection, Relays, Instrument transformers, Circuit Breakers
Review of Fault Analysis, Sequence Networks. Introduction to Overcurrent Protection and overcurrent relay co- ordination.
Directional, Distance, Differential protection. Transformer and Generator protection. Bus bar Protection, Bus Bar arrangement schemes.
Computer-aided protection, Fourier analysis and estimation of Phasors from DFT. Sampling, aliasing issues.
CT/PT modeling and standards, Simulation of transients using Electro-Magnetic Transients (EMT) programs. Relay Testing. Effect of Power Swings on Distance Relaying. System Protection Schemes. Under-frequency, under- voltage and df/dt relays, Out-of-step protection, Synchro-phasors, Phasor Measurement Units and Wide-Area Measurement Systems (WAMS). Application of WAMS for improving protection systems.
J. L. Blackburn, “Protective Relaying: Principles and Applications”, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1987.
Y. G.Paithankar and S. R. Bhide, “Fundamentals of power system protection”, Prentice Hall, India, 2010.
A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, “Computer Relaying for Power Systems”, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, “Synchronized Phasor Measurements and their Applications”, Springer, 2008.
D. Reimert, “Protective Relaying for Power Generation Systems”, Taylor and Francis, 2006.
Electrical Engineering, VI-Semester
Departmental Elective EE-603(B) Wind and Solar Energy
Understand the energy scenario and the consequent growth of the power generation from renewable energy sources.
Understand the basic physics of wind and solar power generation.
Understand the power electronic interfaces for wind and solar generation.
Understand the issues related to the grid-integration of solar and wind energy systems.
History of wind power, Indian and Global statistics, Wind physics, Betz limit, Tip speed ratio, stall and pitch control, Wind speed statistics-probability distributions, Wind speed and power-cumulative distribution functions.
Review of modern wind turbine technologies, Fixed and Variable speed wind turbines, Induction Generators, Doubly-Fed Induction Generators and their characteristics, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators, Power electronics converters. Generator-Converter configurations, Converter Control.
Introduction, solar radiation spectra, solar geometry, Earth Sun angles, observer Sun angles, solar day length, Estimation of solar energy availability.
Technologies-Amorphous, mono crystalline, polycrystalline; V-I characteristics of a PV cell, PV module, array, Power Electronic Converters for Solar Systems, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms. Converter Control.
Overview of grid code technical requirements. Fault ride-through for wind farms - real and reactive power regulation, voltage and frequency operating limits, solar PV and wind farm behavior during grid disturbances. Power quality issues. Power system interconnection experiences in the world. Hybrid and isolated operations of solar PV and wind systems.
Technologies, Parabolic trough, central receivers, parabolic dish, Fresnel, solar pond, elementary analysis.
T. Ackermann, “Wind Power in Power Systems”, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2005.
G. M. Masters, “Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems”, John Wiley and Sons, 2004.
S. P. Sukhatme, “Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage”, McGraw Hill, 1984.
H. Siegfried and R. Waddington, “Grid integration of wind energy conversion systems” John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2006.
G. N. Tiwari and M. K. Ghosal, “Renewable Energy Applications”, Narosa Publications, 2004.
Departmental Elective EE-603(C) Digital Signal Processing
Represent signals mathematically in continuous and discrete-time, and in the frequency domain.
Analyse discrete-time systems using z-transform.
Understand the Discrete-Fourier Transform (DFT) and the FFT algorithms.
Design digital filters for various applications.
Apply digital signal processing for the analysis of real-life signals.
Discrete time signals and systems: Sequences; representation of signals on orthogonal basis; Representation of discrete systems using difference equations, Sampling and reconstruction of signals - aliasing; Sampling theorem and Nyquist rate.
Transform, Region of Convergence, Analysis of Linear Shift Invariant systems using z-transform, Properties of z- transform for causal signals, Interpretation of stability in z-domain, Inverse z-transforms.
Frequency Domain Analysis, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Properties of DFT, Convolution of signals, Fast Fourier Transform Algorithm, Parseval’s Identity, Implementation of Discrete Time Systems.
Design of FIR Digital filters: Window method, Park-McClellan's method. Design of IIR Digital Filters: Butterworth, Chebyshev and Elliptic Approximations; Low-pass, Band-pass, Band stop and High-pass filters. Effect of finite register length in FIR filter design. Parametric and non-parametric spectral estimation. Introduction to multi-rate signal processing.
Correlation Functions and Power Spectra, Stationary Processes, Optimal filtering using ARMA Model, Linear Mean-Square Estimation, Wiener Filter.
S. K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing: A computer based approach”, McGraw Hill, 2011.
A.V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, “Discrete Time Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 1989.
J. G. Proakis and D.G. Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms And Applications”, Prentice Hall, 1997.
L. R. Rabiner and B. Gold, “Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 1992.
J. R. Johnson, “Introduction to Digital Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 1992.
D. J. DeFatta, J. G. Lucas andW. S. Hodgkiss, “Digital Signal Processing”, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
Open Elective EE-604(A) Analog and Digital Communication
Interpret, represent and process discrete/digital signals and systems.
Thorough understanding of frequency domain analysis of discrete time signals.
Ability to design & analyze DSP systems like FIR and IIR Filter etc.
Practical implementation issues such as computational complexity, hardware resource limitations as well as cost of DSP systems or DSP Processors.
Understanding of spectral analysis of the signals
Review of signals and systems, Frequency domain representation of signals, Principles of Amplitude Modulation Systems- DSB, SSB and VSB modulations. Angle Modulation, Representation of FM and PM signals, Spectral characteristics of angle modulated signals.
Review of probability and random process. Gaussian and white noise characteristics, Noise in amplitude modulation systems, Noise in Frequency modulation systems. Pre-emphasis and Deemphasis, Threshold effect in angle modulation.
Pulse modulation. Sampling process. Pulse Amplitude and Pulse code modulation (PCM),Differential pulse code modulation. Delta modulation, Noise considerations in PCM, Time Division multiplexing, Digital Multiplexers.
Elements of Detection Theory, Optimum detection of signals in noise, Coherent communication with waveforms- Probability of Error evaluations. Base band Pulse Transmission- Inter symbol Interference and Nyquist criterion. Pass band Digital Modulation schemes- Phase Shift Keying, Frequency Shift Keying, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, Continuous Phase Modulation and Minimum Shift Keying.
Digital Modulation trade-offs. Optimum demodulation of digital signals over band-limited channels- Maximum likelihood sequence detection (Viterbi receiver). Equalization Techniques. Synchronization and Carrier Recovery for Digital modulation.
Haykin S., "Communications Systems", John Wiley and Sons, 2001.
Proakis J. G. and Salehi M., "Communication Systems Engineering", Pearson Education, 2002.
Taub H. and Schilling D.L., "Principles of Communication Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2001.
Wozencraft J. M. and Jacobs I. M., ``Principles of Communication Engineering'',John Wiley, 1965.
Barry J. R., Lee E. A. and Messerschmitt D. G., ``Digital Communication'', Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.
Open Elective EE-604(B) Energy Conservation and Management
To perform of energy auditing for the energy consumption of industries.
Introduction to energy & power scenario of world, National Energy consumption data, environmental aspects associated with energy utilization; Energy Auditing- need, types, methodology and barriers, role of energy managers, instruments of energy auditing.
Components of EB billing, HT and LT supply, transformers, cable sizing; Concept of capacitors, power factor improvement, harmonics; Electric motors- motor efficiency computation, energy efficient motors; Illumination- Lux, Lumens, types of lighting, efficacy, LED lighting and scope of energy conservation in lighting.
Thermal systems, Boilers, Furnaces and Thermic Fluid heaters- efficiency computation and energy conservation measures; Steam distribution and usage, steam traps, condensate recovery, flash steam utilization; Insulation & Refractories.
Energy conservation in major utilities; pumps, fans, blowers, compressed air systems, Refrigeration& Air Conditioning systems, Cooling Towers, DG sets.
Energy Economics- discount period, payback period, internal rate of return, net present value; Life Cycle costing- ESCO concept.
Witte L.C. , Schmidt P.S. and Brown D.R., Industrial Energy Management and Utilization, Hemisphere Publ., Washington, 1988.
Callaghn P.W., Design and Management for Energy Conservation, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1981.
Murphy W.R. and McKay G., Energy Management, Butterworths, London, 1987.
Energy Manager Training Manual , Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) under Ministry of Power, GOI, 2004 (available at www.energymanager training.com).
Open Elective EE-604(C) Power Plant Engineering
The principles of operation for different power plants and their economics.
Coal based thermal power plants, basic Rankine cycle and its modifications, layout of modern coal power plant, super critical boilers, FBC boilers, turbines, condensers, steam and heating rates, subsystems of thermal power plants, fuel and ash handling, draught system, feed water treatment, binary cycles and cogeneration systems
Gas turbine and combined cycle power plants, Brayton cycle analysis and optimization, components of gas turbine power plants, combined cycle power plants, Integrated Gasifier based Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems.
Basics of nuclear energy conversion, Layout and subsystems of nuclear power plants, Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), CANDU Reactor, Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR), gas cooled and liquid metal cooled reactors, safety measures for nuclear power plants.
Hydroelectric power plants, classification, typical layout and components, principles of wind, tidal, solar PV and solar thermal, geothermal, biogas and fuel cell power systems.
Energy, economic and environmental issues, power tariffs, load distribution parameters, load curve, capital and operating cost of different power plants, pollution control technologies including waste disposal options for coal and nuclear plants.
Nag P.K., Power Plant Engineering, 3rd ed., Tata McGraw Hill, 2008.
El Wakil M.M., Power Plant Technology, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.
Elliot T.C., Chen K and Swanekamp R.C., Power Plant Engineering, 2nd ed., McGraw Hill, 1998.
EE-608 Minor Project-II
The object of Project Work II & Dissertation is to enable the student to extend further the investigative study taken up under Project-I, either fully theoretical/practical or involving both theoretical and practical work, under the guidance of a Supervisor from the Department alone or jointly with a Supervisor drawn from R&D laboratory/Industry. This is expected to provide a good training for the student(s) in R&D work and technical leadership. The assignment to normally include:
In depth study of the topic assigned in the light of the Report prepared under Project-I;
Review and finalization of the Approach to the Problem relating to the assigned topic;
Preparing an Action Plan for conducting the investigation, including team work;
Detailed Analysis/Modelling/Simulation/Design/Problem Solving/Experiment as needed;
Final development of product/process, testing, results, conclusions and future directions;
Preparing a paper for Conference presentation/Publication in Journals, if possible;
Preparing a Dissertation in the standard format for being evaluated by the Department.
Final Seminar Presentation before a Departmental Committee.
New Scheme Based On AICTE Flexible Curricula
Electrical Engineering, VI-Semester EE-601 Electrical Machine Design
OBJECTIVES:
To study mmf calculation and thermal rating of various types of electrical machines. To design armature and field systems for D.C. machines.
To design core, yoke, windings and cooling systems of transformers. To design stator and rotor of induction machines.
To design stator and rotor of synchronous machines and study their thermal behaviour.
Unit-I Fundamental Aspects of Electrical Machine Design
Fundamental Aspects of Electrical Machine Design: Design of Machines, Design Factors, Limitations in design, Modern Trends in design, manufacturing Techniques.
Electrical Engineering Materials: Desirabilities of Conducting Materials, Comparison of Aluminium and Copper wires. Ferromagnetic Materials: Soft Magnetic materials – Solid Core Materials, Electrical Sheet and Strip, Cold Rolled Grain Oriented Steel. Insulating Materials: Desirable Properties, Temperature Rise and Insulating Materials, Classification of Insulating materials based on Thermal Consideration.
Unit-II Design of DC Machines
Design of DC Machines: Output Equation, Choice of Specific Loadings and Choice of Number of Poles, Main Dimensions of armature, Design of Armature Slot Dimensions, Commutator and Brushes. Estimation of Ampere Turns for the Magnetic Circuit. Dimensions of Yoke, Main Pole and Air Gap. Design of Shunt and Series Field Windings.
Unit-III Design of Transformers
Design of Transformers: Output Equations of Single Phase and Three Phase Transformers, Choice of Specific Loadings, Expression for Volts/Turn, Determination of Main Dimensions of the Core, Estimation of Number of Turns and Conductor Cross Sectional area of Primary and Secondary Windings, No Load Current. Expression for the Leakage Reactance of core type transformer with concentric coils, and calculation of Voltage Regulation. Design of Tank and Cooling (Round and Rectangular) Tubes.
Unit-IV Design of Three Phase Induction Motors
Design of Three Phase Induction Motors: Output Equation, Choice of Specific Loadings, Main Dimensions of Stator. Design of stator slots and Winding, Choice of Length Air Gap, Estimation of Number of Slots for Squirrel Cage Rotor. Design of Rotor Bars and End Ring. Design of Slip Ring rotor. Estimation of No Load Current and Leakage Reactance.
Unit-V Design of Three Phase Synchronous Machines and Computer aided Design (CAD):
Design of Three Phase Synchronous Machines: Output Equation, Choice of Specific Loadings, Short Circuit Ratio, Main Dimensions of Stator. Design of stator slots and Winding. Design of Salient and non- salient Pole Rotors. Magnetic Circuit and Field Winding.
Ability to model and analyze electrical apparatus and their application to power system
TEXT BOOKS:
Sawhney, A.K., ‘A Course in Electrical Machine Design’, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, New Delhi, 1984.
M.V.Deshpande “Design and Testing of Electrical Machine Design” Wheeler Publications, 2010.
References:-
A.Shanmuga Sundaram, G.Gangadharan, R.Palani ‘Electrical Machine Design Data Book’, New Age International Pvt. Ltd., Reprint, 2007.
R.K.Agarwal “ Principles of Electrical Machine Design” Esskay Publications, Delhi, 2002.
Sen, S.K., ‘Principles of Electrical Machine Designs with Computer Programmes’, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1987.
Experiment List
To study the laboratory measuring instruments and their application.
To Understand the Name plate Data / specification of Electrical Machines.
To demonstrate construction and working of DC Machines with their Functional Details.
To demonstrate the constructional part and working principal of AC Motors.
To demonstrate the constructional part and working principal of Transformers.
To perform tests for performance calculation of 1-phase and 3-phase Transformer.
To demonstrate construction and working of Magnetic Contractor.
To study the Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB).
To demonstrate the working principle of miniature circuit breaker (MCB).
To demonstrate constructional parts and working principle of induction type energy meter (KWh meter).
To demonstrate the construction and working principle of thermal over load relay.
To study Transformer oil insulation test.
To demonstrate the working of principle of Earth tester.
Study, Industrial applications of machines and drives for desired performance.
New Scheme Based On AICTE Flexible Curricula
Electrical Engineering, VI-Semester EE-602 Power System-II
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to
Use numerical methods to analyse a power system in steady state.
Understand stability constraints in a synchronous grid.
Understand methods to control the voltage, frequency and power flow.
Understand the monitoring and control of a power system.
Understand the basics of power system economics.
Review of the structure of a Power System and its components. Analysis of Power Flows: Formation of Bus Admittance Matrix. Real and reactive power balance equations at a node. Load and Generator Specifications. Application of numerical methods for solution of nonlinear algebraic equations – Gauss Seidel and Newton- Raphson methods for the solution of the power flow equations. Computational Issues in Large-scale Power Systems
Swing Equations of a synchronous machine connected to an infinite bus. Power angle curve. Description of the phenomena of loss of synchronism in a single-machine infinite bus system following a disturbance like a three-- phase fault. Analysis using numerical integration of swing equations (using methods like Forward Euler, Runge- Kutta 4th order methods), as well as the Equal Area Criterion. Impact of stability constraints on Power System Operation. Effect of generation rescheduling and series compensation of transmission lines on stability.
Turbines and Speed-Governors, Frequency dependence of loads, Droop Control and Power Sharing. Automatic Generation Control. Generation and absorption of reactive power by various components of a Power System. Excitation System Control in synchronous generators, Automatic Voltage Regulators. Shunt Compensators, Static VAR compensators and STATCOMs. Tap Changing Transformers. Power flow control using embedded dc links, phase shifters.
Overview of Energy Control Centre Functions: SCADA systems. Phasor Measurement Units and Wide-Area Measurement Systems. State-estimation. System Security Assessment. Normal, Alert, Emergency, Extremis states of a Power System. Contingency Analysis. Preventive Control and Emergency Control.
Basic Pricing Principles: Generator Cost Curves, Utility Functions, Power Exchanges, Spot Pricing. Electricity Market Models (Vertically Integrated, Purchasing Agency, Whole-sale competition, Retail Competition), Demand Side-management, Transmission and Distributions charges, Ancillary Services. Regulatory framework.
Modern Power System Analysis, D.P. Kothari & I.J. Nagrath, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
Electrical Power Systems, Subir Ray, PHI
Switchgear protection and power systems, Sunil S Rao, Khanna Publications.
A text book on Power System Engineering, M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S. Bhatnagar & A. Chakrabarti, Dhanpat Rai & CO.
Protection & Switchgear, B. Bhalja, R.P. Maheshwari, N.G.Chothani, Oxford.
Power system protection & switchgear, B.Ram & D.N. Vishwakarma, Tata McGraw Hill.
Handbook of Electrical Power Distribution, G. Ramamurthy, University Press
Electric Power Transmission and Distribution, S. Sivanagaraju, S.Satyanarayana, Pearson Education.
Power Systems Stability, Vol. I,II & II, E.W. Kimbark, Wiley.
Power Engineering, D.P Kothari & I.J. Nagrath, Tata McGraw Hill.
Power Systems Analysis, A. R. Bergen & V. Vittal, Pearson Education. 8. Computer Aided Power systems analysis, Dr. G. Kusic, CEC press.
Study on (i) on load Time Delay Relay (ii) off load Time Delay Relay.
Polarity, Ratio and Magnetisation Characteristics Test of CT & PT.
To develop a program in Matlab for information of Y-bus matrix for N bus system.
Load flow solution for 3-bus system using Gauss Seidel, Newton Raphson and FDLF methods up to 3 iteration.
Load flow solution for IEEE 6-bus and 30-bus system in Matlab using Newton Raphson method.
Assessment of transient stability of a single machine system.
Effect of compensation on voltage profile of IEEE 6-bussystem.
Study of any software tools (PSAT, EDSA, MY POWER, ETAP etc).
Departmental Elective EE-603(A) Power System Protection
Understand the different components of a protection system.
Evaluate fault current due to different types of fault in a network.
Understand the protection schemes for different power system components.
Understand the basic principles of digital protection.
Understand system protection schemes, and the use of wide-area measurements.
Principles of Power System Protection, Relays, Instrument transformers, Circuit Breakers
Review of Fault Analysis, Sequence Networks. Introduction to Overcurrent Protection and overcurrent relay co- ordination.
Directional, Distance, Differential protection. Transformer and Generator protection. Bus bar Protection, Bus Bar arrangement schemes.
Computer-aided protection, Fourier analysis and estimation of Phasors from DFT. Sampling, aliasing issues.
CT/PT modeling and standards, Simulation of transients using Electro-Magnetic Transients (EMT) programs. Relay Testing. Effect of Power Swings on Distance Relaying. System Protection Schemes. Under-frequency, under- voltage and df/dt relays, Out-of-step protection, Synchro-phasors, Phasor Measurement Units and Wide-Area Measurement Systems (WAMS). Application of WAMS for improving protection systems.
J. L. Blackburn, “Protective Relaying: Principles and Applications”, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1987.
Y. G.Paithankar and S. R. Bhide, “Fundamentals of power system protection”, Prentice Hall, India, 2010.
A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, “Computer Relaying for Power Systems”, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, “Synchronized Phasor Measurements and their Applications”, Springer, 2008.
D. Reimert, “Protective Relaying for Power Generation Systems”, Taylor and Francis, 2006.
Electrical Engineering, VI-Semester
Departmental Elective EE-603(B) Wind and Solar Energy
Understand the energy scenario and the consequent growth of the power generation from renewable energy sources.
Understand the basic physics of wind and solar power generation.
Understand the power electronic interfaces for wind and solar generation.
Understand the issues related to the grid-integration of solar and wind energy systems.
History of wind power, Indian and Global statistics, Wind physics, Betz limit, Tip speed ratio, stall and pitch control, Wind speed statistics-probability distributions, Wind speed and power-cumulative distribution functions.
Review of modern wind turbine technologies, Fixed and Variable speed wind turbines, Induction Generators, Doubly-Fed Induction Generators and their characteristics, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators, Power electronics converters. Generator-Converter configurations, Converter Control.
Introduction, solar radiation spectra, solar geometry, Earth Sun angles, observer Sun angles, solar day length, Estimation of solar energy availability.
Technologies-Amorphous, mono crystalline, polycrystalline; V-I characteristics of a PV cell, PV module, array, Power Electronic Converters for Solar Systems, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms. Converter Control.
Overview of grid code technical requirements. Fault ride-through for wind farms - real and reactive power regulation, voltage and frequency operating limits, solar PV and wind farm behavior during grid disturbances. Power quality issues. Power system interconnection experiences in the world. Hybrid and isolated operations of solar PV and wind systems.
Technologies, Parabolic trough, central receivers, parabolic dish, Fresnel, solar pond, elementary analysis.
T. Ackermann, “Wind Power in Power Systems”, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2005.
G. M. Masters, “Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems”, John Wiley and Sons, 2004.
S. P. Sukhatme, “Solar Energy: Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage”, McGraw Hill, 1984.
H. Siegfried and R. Waddington, “Grid integration of wind energy conversion systems” John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2006.
G. N. Tiwari and M. K. Ghosal, “Renewable Energy Applications”, Narosa Publications, 2004.
Departmental Elective EE-603(C) Digital Signal Processing
Represent signals mathematically in continuous and discrete-time, and in the frequency domain.
Analyse discrete-time systems using z-transform.
Understand the Discrete-Fourier Transform (DFT) and the FFT algorithms.
Design digital filters for various applications.
Apply digital signal processing for the analysis of real-life signals.
Discrete time signals and systems: Sequences; representation of signals on orthogonal basis; Representation of discrete systems using difference equations, Sampling and reconstruction of signals - aliasing; Sampling theorem and Nyquist rate.
Transform, Region of Convergence, Analysis of Linear Shift Invariant systems using z-transform, Properties of z- transform for causal signals, Interpretation of stability in z-domain, Inverse z-transforms.
Frequency Domain Analysis, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Properties of DFT, Convolution of signals, Fast Fourier Transform Algorithm, Parseval’s Identity, Implementation of Discrete Time Systems.
Design of FIR Digital filters: Window method, Park-McClellan's method. Design of IIR Digital Filters: Butterworth, Chebyshev and Elliptic Approximations; Low-pass, Band-pass, Band stop and High-pass filters. Effect of finite register length in FIR filter design. Parametric and non-parametric spectral estimation. Introduction to multi-rate signal processing.
Correlation Functions and Power Spectra, Stationary Processes, Optimal filtering using ARMA Model, Linear Mean-Square Estimation, Wiener Filter.
S. K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing: A computer based approach”, McGraw Hill, 2011.
A.V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, “Discrete Time Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 1989.
J. G. Proakis and D.G. Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms And Applications”, Prentice Hall, 1997.
L. R. Rabiner and B. Gold, “Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 1992.
J. R. Johnson, “Introduction to Digital Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 1992.
D. J. DeFatta, J. G. Lucas andW. S. Hodgkiss, “Digital Signal Processing”, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
Open Elective EE-604(A) Analog and Digital Communication
Interpret, represent and process discrete/digital signals and systems.
Thorough understanding of frequency domain analysis of discrete time signals.
Ability to design & analyze DSP systems like FIR and IIR Filter etc.
Practical implementation issues such as computational complexity, hardware resource limitations as well as cost of DSP systems or DSP Processors.
Understanding of spectral analysis of the signals
Review of signals and systems, Frequency domain representation of signals, Principles of Amplitude Modulation Systems- DSB, SSB and VSB modulations. Angle Modulation, Representation of FM and PM signals, Spectral characteristics of angle modulated signals.
Review of probability and random process. Gaussian and white noise characteristics, Noise in amplitude modulation systems, Noise in Frequency modulation systems. Pre-emphasis and Deemphasis, Threshold effect in angle modulation.
Pulse modulation. Sampling process. Pulse Amplitude and Pulse code modulation (PCM),Differential pulse code modulation. Delta modulation, Noise considerations in PCM, Time Division multiplexing, Digital Multiplexers.
Elements of Detection Theory, Optimum detection of signals in noise, Coherent communication with waveforms- Probability of Error evaluations. Base band Pulse Transmission- Inter symbol Interference and Nyquist criterion. Pass band Digital Modulation schemes- Phase Shift Keying, Frequency Shift Keying, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, Continuous Phase Modulation and Minimum Shift Keying.
Digital Modulation trade-offs. Optimum demodulation of digital signals over band-limited channels- Maximum likelihood sequence detection (Viterbi receiver). Equalization Techniques. Synchronization and Carrier Recovery for Digital modulation.
Haykin S., "Communications Systems", John Wiley and Sons, 2001.
Proakis J. G. and Salehi M., "Communication Systems Engineering", Pearson Education, 2002.
Taub H. and Schilling D.L., "Principles of Communication Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2001.
Wozencraft J. M. and Jacobs I. M., ``Principles of Communication Engineering'',John Wiley, 1965.
Barry J. R., Lee E. A. and Messerschmitt D. G., ``Digital Communication'', Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.
Open Elective EE-604(B) Energy Conservation and Management
To perform of energy auditing for the energy consumption of industries.
Introduction to energy & power scenario of world, National Energy consumption data, environmental aspects associated with energy utilization; Energy Auditing- need, types, methodology and barriers, role of energy managers, instruments of energy auditing.
Components of EB billing, HT and LT supply, transformers, cable sizing; Concept of capacitors, power factor improvement, harmonics; Electric motors- motor efficiency computation, energy efficient motors; Illumination- Lux, Lumens, types of lighting, efficacy, LED lighting and scope of energy conservation in lighting.
Thermal systems, Boilers, Furnaces and Thermic Fluid heaters- efficiency computation and energy conservation measures; Steam distribution and usage, steam traps, condensate recovery, flash steam utilization; Insulation & Refractories.
Energy conservation in major utilities; pumps, fans, blowers, compressed air systems, Refrigeration& Air Conditioning systems, Cooling Towers, DG sets.
Energy Economics- discount period, payback period, internal rate of return, net present value; Life Cycle costing- ESCO concept.
Witte L.C. , Schmidt P.S. and Brown D.R., Industrial Energy Management and Utilization, Hemisphere Publ., Washington, 1988.
Callaghn P.W., Design and Management for Energy Conservation, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1981.
Murphy W.R. and McKay G., Energy Management, Butterworths, London, 1987.
Energy Manager Training Manual , Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) under Ministry of Power, GOI, 2004 (available at www.energymanager training.com).
Open Elective EE-604(C) Power Plant Engineering
The principles of operation for different power plants and their economics.
Coal based thermal power plants, basic Rankine cycle and its modifications, layout of modern coal power plant, super critical boilers, FBC boilers, turbines, condensers, steam and heating rates, subsystems of thermal power plants, fuel and ash handling, draught system, feed water treatment, binary cycles and cogeneration systems
Gas turbine and combined cycle power plants, Brayton cycle analysis and optimization, components of gas turbine power plants, combined cycle power plants, Integrated Gasifier based Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems.
Basics of nuclear energy conversion, Layout and subsystems of nuclear power plants, Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), CANDU Reactor, Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR), gas cooled and liquid metal cooled reactors, safety measures for nuclear power plants.
Hydroelectric power plants, classification, typical layout and components, principles of wind, tidal, solar PV and solar thermal, geothermal, biogas and fuel cell power systems.
Energy, economic and environmental issues, power tariffs, load distribution parameters, load curve, capital and operating cost of different power plants, pollution control technologies including waste disposal options for coal and nuclear plants.
Nag P.K., Power Plant Engineering, 3rd ed., Tata McGraw Hill, 2008.
El Wakil M.M., Power Plant Technology, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.
Elliot T.C., Chen K and Swanekamp R.C., Power Plant Engineering, 2nd ed., McGraw Hill, 1998.
EE-608 Minor Project-II
The object of Project Work II & Dissertation is to enable the student to extend further the investigative study taken up under Project-I, either fully theoretical/practical or involving both theoretical and practical work, under the guidance of a Supervisor from the Department alone or jointly with a Supervisor drawn from R&D laboratory/Industry. This is expected to provide a good training for the student(s) in R&D work and technical leadership. The assignment to normally include:
In depth study of the topic assigned in the light of the Report prepared under Project-I;
Review and finalization of the Approach to the Problem relating to the assigned topic;
Preparing an Action Plan for conducting the investigation, including team work;
Detailed Analysis/Modelling/Simulation/Design/Problem Solving/Experiment as needed;
Final development of product/process, testing, results, conclusions and future directions;
Preparing a paper for Conference presentation/Publication in Journals, if possible;
Preparing a Dissertation in the standard format for being evaluated by the Department.
Final Seminar Presentation before a Departmental Committee.