<<<<<<< HEAD rgpv syllabus BPharm(PCI) Grading System 1st Semester 1030719011208-d28c6e5f

BP101T. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I (Theory)

45 Hours

Scope: This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure and functions of the various systems of the human body. It also helps in understanding both homeostatic mechanisms. The subject provides the basic knowledge required to understand the various disciplines of pharmacy.

Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to

Explain the gross morphology, structure and functions of various organs of the human body.
Describe the various homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances.
Identify the various tissues and organs of different systems of human body.
Perform the various experiments related to special senses and nervous system.
Appreciate coordinated working pattern of different organs of each system

Course Content:
Unit I 10 hours
- Introduction to human body
  Definition and scope of anatomy and physiology, levels of structural organization and body systems, basic life processes, homeostasis, basic anatomical terminology.
- Cellular level of organization
  Structure and functions of cell, transport across cell membrane, cell division, cell junctions. General principles of cell communication, intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule, Forms of intracellular signaling: a) Contact-dependent b) Paracrine c) Synaptic d) Endocrine
- Tissue level of organization
  Classification of tissues, structure, location and functions of epithelial, muscular and nervous and connective tissues.
  
  Unit II
- Integumentary system
  Structure and functions of skin
- Skeletal system

Divisions of skeletal system, types of bone, salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system

Organization of skeletal muscle, physiology of muscle contraction, neuromuscular junction

10 hours

Joints

Structural and functional classification, types of joints movements and its articulation

Unit III 10 hours

Body fluids and blood
Body fluids, composition and functions of blood, hemopoeisis, formation of hemoglobin, anemia, mechanisms of coagulation, blood grouping, Rh factors, transfusion, its significance and disorders of blood, Reticulo endothelial system.
Lymphatic system
Lymphatic organs and tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation and functions of lymphatic system

Unit IV 08 hours
Peripheral nervous system:
Classification of peripheral nervous system: Structure and functions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves.
- Special senses
  Structure and functions of eye, ear, nose and tongue and their disorders.
  
  Unit V 07 hours
Cardiovascular system

Heart – anatomy of heart, blood circulation, blood vessels, structure and functions of artery, vein and capillaries, elements of conduction system of heart and heart beat, its regulation by autonomic nervous system, cardiac output, cardiac cycle. Regulation of blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram and disorders of heart.

BP107P. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (Practical)

4 Hours/week

Practical physiology is complimentary to the theoretical discussions in physiology. Practicals allow the verification of physiological processes discussed in theory classes through experiments on living tissue, intact animals or normal human beings. This is helpful for developing an insight on the subject.

Study of compound microscope.
Microscopic study of epithelial and connective tissue
Microscopic study of muscular and nervous tissue
Identification of axial bones
Identification of appendicular bones
Introduction to hemocytometry.
Enumeration of white blood cell (WBC) count
Enumeration of total red blood corpuscles (RBC) count
Determination of bleeding time
Determination of clotting time
Estimation of hemoglobin content
Determination of blood group.
Determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
Determination of heart rate and pulse rate.
Recording of blood pressure.

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

Essentials of Medical Physiology by K. Sembulingam and P. Sembulingam. Jaypee brothers medical publishers, New Delhi.
Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness by Kathleen J.W. Wilson, Churchill Livingstone, New York
Physiological basis of Medical Practice-Best and Tailor. Williams & Wilkins Co,Riverview,MI USA
Text book of Medical Physiology- Arthur C,Guyton andJohn.E. Hall. Miamisburg, OH, U.S.A.
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora Grabowski. Palmetto, GA, U.S.A.
Textbook of Human Histology by Inderbir Singh, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers, New Delhi.
Textbook of Practical Physiology by C.L. Ghai, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers, New Delhi.
Practical workbook of Human Physiology by K. Srinageswari and Rajeev Sharma, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers, New Delhi.

Reference Books (Latest Editions)

Physiological basis of Medical Practice-Best and Tailor. Williams & Wilkins Co, Riverview, MI USA
Text book of Medical Physiology- Arthur C, Guyton and John. E. Hall. Miamisburg, OH, U.S.A.
Human Physiology (vol 1 and 2) by Dr. C.C. Chatterrje ,Academic Publishers Kolkata
BP102T. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Theory)
45 Hours
Scope: This course deals with the fundamentals of analytical chemistry and principles of electrochemical analysis of drugs

Objectives: Upon completion of the course student shall be able to
- understand the principles of volumetric and electro chemical analysis
- carryout various volumetric and electrochemical titrations
- develop analytical skills
  
  Course Content:
  UNIT-I 10 Hours
  1. Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope
    1. Different techniques of analysis
    2. Methods of expressing concentration
    3. Primary and secondary standards.
    4. Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutions- Oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sodium thiosulphate, sulphuric acid, potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate
  2. Errors: Sources of errors, types of errors, methods of minimizing errors, accuracy, precision and significant figures
  3. Pharmacopoeia, Sources of impurities in medicinal agents,limit tests.

UNIT-II 10 Hours

Acid base titration: Theories of acid base indicators, classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strong, weak, and very weak acids and bases, neutralization curves
Non aqueous titration: Solvents, acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl
UNIT-III 10 Hours
Precipitation titrations: Mohr’s method, Volhard’s, Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method, estimation of sodium chloride.
Complexometric titration: Classification, metal ion indicators, masking and demasking reagents, estimation of Magnesium sulphate, and calcium gluconate.
Gravimetry: Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis. Purity of the precipitate: co-precipitation and post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate.
Basic Principles,methods and application of diazotisation titration.
UNIT-IV 08 Hours
Redox titrations
1. Concepts of oxidation and reduction
2. Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications)
  Cerimetry, Iodimetry, Iodometry, Bromatometry, Dichrometry, Titration with potassium iodate
  UNIT-V 07 Hours
Electrochemical methods of analysis
- Conductometry- Introduction, Conductivity cell, Conductometric titrations, applications.
- Potentiometry - Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen, silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode), methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications.
- Polarography - Principle, Ilkovic equation, construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode, applications

BP108P. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Practical)

4 Hours / Week

Limit Test of the following
1. Chloride
2. Sulphate
3. Iron
4. Arsenic
Preparation and standardization of
1. Sodium hydroxide
2. Sulphuric acid
3. Sodium thiosulfate
4. Potassium permanganate
5. Ceric ammonium sulphate
Assay of the following compounds along with Standardization of Titrant
1. Ammonium chloride by acid base titration
2. Ferrous sulphate by Cerimetry
3. Copper sulphate by Iodometry
4. Calcium gluconate by complexometry
5. Hydrogen peroxide by Permanganometry
6. Sodium benzoate by non-aqueous titration
7. Sodium Chloride by precipitation titration
Determination of Normality by electro-analytical methods
1. Conductometric titration of strong acid against strong base
2. Conductometric titration of strong acid and weak acid against strong base
3. Potentiometric titration of strong acid against strong base

Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)

A.H. Beckett & J.B. Stenlake's, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol I & II, Stahlone Press of University of London
A.I. Vogel, Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic analysis
P. Gundu Rao, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Bentley and Driver's Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
John H. Kennedy, Analytical chemistry principles
Indian Pharmacopoeia.
BP103T. PHARMACEUTICS- I (Theory)
45 Hours
Scope: This course is designed to impart a fundamental knowledge on the preparatory pharmacy with arts and science of preparing the different conventional dosage forms.
Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to:
- Know the history of profession of pharmacy
- Understand the basics of different dosage forms, pharmaceutical incompatibilities and pharmaceutical calculations
- Understand the professional way of handling the prescription
- Preparation of various conventional dosage forms
  
  Course Content:
  UNIT – I 10 Hours
  - Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy: History of profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry and organization, Pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia.
  - Dosage forms: Introduction to dosage forms, classification and definitions
  - Prescription: Definition, Parts of prescription, handling of Prescription and Errors in prescription.
  - Posology: Definition, Factors affecting posology. Pediatric dose calculations based on age, body weight and body surface area.
    UNIT – II 10 Hours
  - Pharmaceutical calculations: Weights and measures – Imperial & Metric system, Calculations involving percentage solutions, alligation, proof spirit and isotonic solutions based on freezing point and molecular weight.
  - Powders: Definition, classification, advantages and disadvantages,Simple & compound powders – official preparations, dusting powders, effervescent, efflorescent and hygroscopic powders, eutectic mixtures. Geometric dilutions.
  - Liquid dosage forms: Advantages and disadvantages of liquid dosage forms. Excipients used in formulation of liquid dosage forms. Solubility enhancement techniques
    UNIT – III 08 Hours
  - Monophasic liquids: Definitions and preparations of Gargles, Mouthwashes, Throat Paint, Eardrops, Nasal drops, Enemas, Syrups, Elixirs, Liniments and Lotions.
  - Biphasic liquids:
  - Suspensions: Definition, advantages and disadvantages, classifications, Preparation of suspensions; Flocculated and Deflocculated suspension & stability problems and methods to overcome.
  - Emulsions: Definition, classification, emulsifying agent, test for the identification of type ofEmulsion, Methods of preparation & stability problems and methods to overcome.
    
    UNIT – IV 08 Hours
  - Suppositories: Definition, types, advantages and disadvantages, types of bases, methods of preparations. Displacement value & its calculations, evaluation of suppositories.
  - Pharmaceutical incompatibilities: Definition, classification, physical, chemical and therapeutic incompatibilities with examples.
    
    UNIV – V 07 Hours
  - Semisolid dosage forms: Definitions, classification, mechanisms and factors influencing dermal penetration of drugs. Preparation of ointments, pastes, creams and gels. Excipients used in semi solid dosage forms. Evaluation of semi solid dosages forms

Syrups
BP109P. PHARMACEUTICSI (Practical)
1. Syrup IP’66
2. Compound syrup of Ferrous Phosphate BPC’68
3 Hours / week
Elixirs a) Piperazine citrate elixir
1. Paracetamol pediatric elixir
Linctus a) Terpin Hydrate Linctus IP’66
1. Iodine Throat Paint (Mandles Paint)
Solutions
1. Strong solution of ammonium acetate
2. Cresol with soap solution
3. Lugol’s solution
Suspensions
1. Calamine lotion
2. Magnesium Hydroxide mixture
3. Aluminimum Hydroxide gel
Emulsions a) Turpentine Liniment
1. Liquid paraffin emulsion
Powders and Granules
1. ORS powder (WHO)
2. Effervescent granules
3. Dusting powder
4. Divded powders
Suppositories

Glycero gelatin suppository
Coca butter suppository
Zinc Oxide suppository

Semisolids
1. Sulphur ointment
2. Non staining-iodine ointment with methyl salicylate
3. Carbopal gel
Gargles and Mouthwashes
1. Iodine gargle
2. Chlorhexidine mouthwash

Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)

H.C. Ansel et al., Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Drug Delivery System, Lippincott Williams and Walkins, New Delhi.
Carter S.J., Cooper and Gunn’s-Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, CBS publishers, New Delhi.
M.E. Aulton, Pharmaceutics, The Science& Dosage Form Design, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
Indian pharmacopoeia.
British pharmacopoeia.
Lachmann. Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy,Lea& Febiger Publisher, The University of Michigan.
Alfonso R. Gennaro Remington. The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Lippincott Williams, New Delhi.
Carter S.J., Cooper and Gunn’s. Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publications, New Delhi.
E.A. Rawlins, Bentley’s Text Book of Pharmaceutics, English Language Book Society, Elsevier Health Sciences, USA.
Isaac Ghebre Sellassie: Pharmaceutical Pelletization Technology, Marcel Dekker, INC, New York.
Dilip M. Parikh: Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, Marcel Dekker, INC, New York.
Francoise Nieloud and Gilberte Marti-Mestres: Pharmaceutical Emulsions and Suspensions, Marcel Dekker, INC, New York.
BP104T. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Theory)
45 Hours Scope: This subject deals with the monographs of inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals.

Objectives: Upon completion of course student shall be able to
- know the sources of impurities and methods to determine the impurities in inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals
- understand the medicinal and pharmaceutical importance of inorganic compounds

Course Content:

UNIT I 10 Hours

Impurities in pharmaceutical substances: History of Pharmacopoeia, Sources and types of impurities, principle involved in the limit test for Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Arsenic, Lead and Heavy metals, modified limit test for Chloride and Sulphate
General methods of preparation, assay for the compounds superscripted with asterisk (*), properties and medicinal uses of inorganic compounds belonging to the following classes

UNIT II 10 Hours
Acids, Bases and Buffers: Buffer equations and buffer capacity in general, buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, stability, buffered isotonic solutions, measurements of tonicity, calculations and methods of adjusting isotonicity.
Major extra and intracellular electrolytes: Functions of major physiological ions, Electrolytes used in the replacement therapy: Sodium chloride*, Potassium chloride, Calcium gluconate* and Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS), Physiological acid base balance.
Dental products: Dentifrices, role of fluoride in the treatment of dental caries, Desensitizing agents, Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, and Zinc eugenol cement.

UNIT III 10 Hours
Gastrointestinal agents
Acidifiers: Ammonium chloride* and Dil. HCl
Antacid: Ideal properties of antacids, combinations of antacids, Sodium
Bicarbonate*, Aluminum hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide mixture
Cathartics: Magnesium sulphate, Sodium orthophosphate, Kaolin and Bentonite
Antimicrobials: Mechanism, classification, Potassium permanganate, Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide*, Chlorinated lime*, Iodine and its preparations

UNIT IV 08 Hours
Miscellaneous compounds
Expectorants: Potassium iodide, Ammonium chloride*. Emetics: Copper sulphate*, Sodium potassium tartarate Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate*, Ferrous gluconate
Poison and Antidote: Sodium thiosulphate*, Activated charcoal, Sodium nitrite333
Astringents: Zinc Sulphate, Potash Alum

UNIT V 07 Hours
Radiopharmaceuticals: Radio activity, Measurement of radioactivity, Properties of α, β, γ radiations, Half life, radio isotopes and study of radio isotopes - Sodium iodide I131, Storage conditions, precautions & pharmaceutical application of radioactive substances.

BP110P. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Practical)

4 Hours / Week

Limit tests for following ions
Limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates Modified limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates Limit test for Iron
Limit test for Heavy metals Limit test for Lead
Limit test for Arsenic
Identification test Magnesium hydroxide Ferrous sulphate Sodium bicarbonate Calcium gluconate Copper sulphate
Test for purity
Swelling power of Bentonite
Neutralizing capacity of aluminum hydroxide gel
Determination of potassium iodate and iodine in potassium Iodide
Preparation of inorganic pharmaceuticals

Boric acid Potash alum Ferrous sulphate

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

A.H. Beckett & J.B. Stenlake's, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol I & II, Stahlone Press of University of London, 4th edition.
A.I. Vogel, Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic analysis
P. Gundu Rao, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 3rd Edition
M.L Schroff, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Bentley and Driver's Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Anand & Chatwal, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Indian Pharmacopoeia
BP105T.COMMUNICATION SKILLS (Theory)
30 Hours
Scope: This course will prepare the young pharmacy student to interact effectively with doctors, nurses, dentists, physiotherapists and other health workers. At the end of this course the student will get the soft skills set to work cohesively with the team as a team player and will add value to the pharmaceutical business.
Objectives:
Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to
1. Understand the behavioral needs for a Pharmacist to function effectively in the areas of pharmaceutical operation
2. Communicate effectively (Verbal and Non Verbal)
3. Effectively manage the team as a team player
4. Develop interview skills
5. Develop Leadership qualities and essentials
  
  Course content:
  
  UNIT – I 07 Hours
  - Communication Skills: Introduction, Definition, The Importance of Communication, The Communication Process – Source, Message, Encoding, Channel, Decoding, Receiver, Feedback, Context
  - Barriers to communication: Physiological Barriers, Physical Barriers, Cultural Barriers, Language Barriers, Gender Barriers, Interpersonal Barriers, Psychological Barriers, Emotional barriers
  - Perspectives in Communication: Introduction, Visual Perception, Language, Other factors affecting our perspective - Past Experiences, Prejudices, Feelings, Environment
    
    UNIT – II 07 Hours
  - Elements of Communication: Introduction, Face to Face Communication - Tone of Voice, Body Language (Non-verbal communication), Verbal Communication, Physical Communication
  - Communication Styles: Introduction, The Communication Styles Matrix with example for each -Direct Communication Style, Spirited Communication Style, Systematic Communication Style, Considerate Communication Style
    UNIT – III 07 Hours
  - Basic Listening Skills: Introduction, Self-Awareness, Active Listening, Becoming an Active Listener, Listening in Difficult Situations
  - Effective Written Communication: Introduction, When and When Not to Use Written Communication - Complexity of the Topic, Amount of Discussion’ Required, Shades of Meaning, Formal Communication
  - Writing Effectively: Subject Lines, Put the Main Point First, Know Your Audience, Organization of the Message
    
    UNIT – IV 05 Hours
  - Interview Skills: Purpose of an interview, Do’s and Dont’s of an interview
  - Giving Presentations: Dealing with Fears, Planning your Presentation, Structuring Your Presentation, Delivering Your Presentation, Techniques of Delivery
    
    UNIT – V 04 Hours
  - Group Discussion: Introduction, Communication skills in group discussion, Do’s and Dont’s of group discussion
    BP111P.COMMUNICATION SKILLS (Practical)
    
    2 Hours / week
    Thefollowing learning modules are to be conducted using wordsworth® English language lab software
    
    Basic communication covering the following topics
    Meeting People Asking Questions Making Friends What did you do? Do’s and Dont’s
    Pronunciations covering the following topics Pronunciation (Consonant Sounds) Pronunciation and Nouns
    Pronunciation (Vowel Sounds)
    
    Advanced Learning
    Listening Comprehension / Direct and Indirect Speech Figures of Speech
    Effective Communication Writing Skills
    Effective Writing Interview Handling Skills E-Mail etiquette Presentation Skills
    Recommended Books: (Latest Edition)
    1. Basic communication skills for Technology, Andreja. J. Ruther Ford, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2011
    2. Communication skills, Sanjay Kumar, Pushpalata, 1stEdition, Oxford Press, 2011
    3. Organizational Behaviour, Stephen .P. Robbins, 1stEdition, Pearson, 2013
    4. Brilliant- Communication skills, Gill Hasson, 1stEdition, Pearson Life, 2011
    5. The Ace of Soft Skills: Attitude, Communication and Etiquette for success, Gopala Swamy Ramesh, 5thEdition, Pearson, 2013
    6. Developing your influencing skills, Deborah Dalley, Lois Burton, Margaret, Green hall, 1st Edition Universe of Learning LTD, 2010
    7. Communication skills for professionals, Konar nira, 2ndEdition, New arrivals –
      PHI, 2011
    8. Personality development and soft skills, Barun K Mitra, 1stEdition, Oxford Press, 2011
    9. Soft skill for everyone, Butter Field, 1st Edition, Cengage Learning india pvt.ltd, 2011
    10. Soft skills and professional communication, Francis Peters SJ, 1stEdition, Mc Graw Hill Education, 2011
    11. Effective communication, John Adair, 4thEdition, Pan Mac Millan,2009
    12. Bringing out the best in people, Aubrey Daniels, 2ndEdition, Mc Graw Hill, 1999
    BP 106RBT.REMEDIAL BIOLOGY (Theory)
    30 Hours
    
    Scope: To learn and understand the components of living world, structure and functional system of plant and animal kingdom.
    Objectives: Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able to
  - know the classification and salient features of five kingdoms of life
  - understand the basic components of anatomy & physiology of plant
  - know understand the basic components of anatomy & physiology animal with special reference to human
    
    UNIT I 07 Hours
    
    Living world:
  - Definition and characters of living organisms
  - Diversity in the living world
  - Binomial nomenclature
  - Five kingdoms of life and basis of classification. Salient features of Monera, Potista, Fungi, Animalia and Plantae, Virus,
    
    Morphology of Flowering plants
  - Morphology of different parts of flowering plants – Root, stem, inflorescence, flower, leaf, fruit, seed.
  - General Anatomy of Root, stem, leaf of monocotyledons & Dicotylidones.
    
    UNIT II 07 Hours
    
    Body fluids and circulation
  - Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood
  - Composition and functions of lymph
  - Human circulatory system
  - Structure of human heart and blood vessels
  - Cardiac cycle, cardiac output and ECG
    Digestion and Absorption
  - Human alimentary canal and digestive glands
  - Role of digestive enzymes
  - Digestion, absorption and assimilation of digested food
    Breathing and respiration
  - Human respiratory system
  - Mechanism of breathing and its regulation
  - Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration
  - Respiratory volumes
    UNIT III 07 Hours
    
    Excretory products and their elimination
  - Modes of excretion
  - Human excretory system- structure and function
  - Urine formation
  - Rennin angiotensin system
    Neural control and coordination
  - Definition and classification of nervous system
  - Structure of a neuron
  - Generation and conduction of nerve impulse
  - Structure of brain and spinal cord
  - Functions of cerebrum, cerebellum, hypothalamus and medulla oblongata
    Chemical coordination and regulation
  - Endocrine glands and their secretions
  - Functions of hormones secreted by endocrine glands
    Human reproduction
  - Parts of female reproductive system
  - Parts of male reproductive system
  - Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
  - Menstrual cycle
    
    UNIT IV 05 Hours
    Plants and mineral nutrition:
  - Essential mineral, macro and micronutrients
  - Nitrogen metabolism, Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation
    
    Photosynthesis
  - Autotrophic nutrition, photosynthesis, Photosynthetic pigments, Factors affecting photosynthesis.
    
    UNIT V 04 Hours
    
    Plant respiration:Respiration, glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic).
    Plant growth and development
  - Phases and rate of plant growth, Condition of growth,Introduction to plant growth regulators
    Cell - The unit of life
  - Structure and functions of cell and cell organelles.Cell division
    Tissues
  - Definition, types of tissues, location and functions.
    Text Books
    1. Text book of Biology by S. B. Gokhale
    2. A Text book of Biology by Dr. Thulajappa and Dr. Seetaram.

Reference Books

A Text book of Biology by B.V. Sreenivasa Naidu
A Text book of Biology by Naidu and Murthy
Botany for Degree students By A.C.Dutta.
Outlines of Zoology by M. Ekambaranatha ayyer and T. N. Ananthakrishnan.
A manual for pharmaceutical biology practical by S.B. Gokhale and C. K. Kokate

BP112RBP.REMEDIAL BIOLOGY (Practical)

Introduction to experiments in biology
1. Study of Microscope
2. Section cutting techniques
3. Mounting and staining
4. Permanent slide preparation
Study of cell and its inclusions
Study of Stem, Root, Leaf, seed, fruit, flower and their modifications
Detailed study of frog by using computer models
Microscopic study and identification of tissues pertinent to Stem, Root Leaf, seed, fruit and flower
Identification of bones
Determination of blood group
Determination of blood pressure
Determination of tidal volume

30 Hours

Reference Books

Practical human anatomy and physiology. by S.R.Kale and R.R.Kale.
A Manual of pharmaceutical biology practical by S.B.Gokhale, C.K.Kokate and S.P.Shriwastava.
Biology practical manual according to National core curriculum .Biology forum of Karnataka. Prof .M.J.H.Shafi
BP 106RMT.REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS (Theory)

30 Hours

Scope: This is an introductory course in mathematics. This subject deals with the introduction to Partial fraction, Logarithm, matrices and Determinant, Analytical geometry, Calculus, differential equation and Laplace transform.
Objectives:Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to:-
1. Know the theory and their application in Pharmacy
2. Solve the different types of problems by applying theory
3. Appreciate the important application of mathematics in Pharmacy
  
  Course Content:
  
  UNIT – I 06 Hours
  - Partial fraction
    Introduction, Polynomial, Rational fractions, Proper and Improper fractions, Partial fraction , Resolving into Partial fraction, Application of Partial Fraction in Chemical Kinetics and Pharmacokinetics
  - Logarithms
    Introduction, Definition, Theorems/Properties of logarithms, Common logarithms, Characteristic and Mantissa, worked examples, application of logarithm to solve pharmaceutical problems.
  - Function:
    Real Valued function, Classification of real valued functions,
  - Limits and continuity :

Introduction , Limit of a function, Definition of limit of a function ( - 

definition) , lim

xn a n

 nan1 , lim

sin

 1,

xa x  a  0 

UNIT –II 06 Hours

Matrices and Determinant:

Introduction matrices, Types of matrices, Operation on matrices, Transpose of a matrix, Matrix Multiplication, Determinants, Properties of determinants , Product of determinants, Minors and co-Factors, Adjoint or adjugate of a square matrix , Singular and non-singular matrices, Inverse of a matrix, Solution of system of linear of equations using matrix method, Cramer’s rule, Characteristic equation and roots of a square matrix, Cayley–Hamilton theorem,Applicationof Matrices in solving Pharmacokinetic equations

UNIT – III 06 Hours

Calculus
Differentiation : Introductions, Derivative of a function, Derivative of a constant, Derivative of a product of a constant and a function , Derivative of the sum or difference of two functions, Derivative of the product of two functions (product formula), Derivative of the quotient of two functions (Quotient formula) – Without Proof, Derivative of xn w.r.tx,where n is any rational number, Derivative of ex,, Derivative of loge x , Derivative of ax,Derivative of trigonometric functions from first principles (without
Proof), Successive Differentiation, Conditions for a function to be a maximum or a minimum at a point. Application

UNIT – IV 06 Hours
Analytical Geometry
Introduction: Signs of the Coordinates, Distance formula,
Straight Line : Slope or gradient of a straight line, Conditions for parallelism and perpendicularity of two lines, Slope of a line joining two points, Slope – intercept form of a straight line
Integration:
Introduction, Definition, Standard formulae, Rules of integration , Method of substitution, Method of Partial fractions, Integration by parts, definite integrals, application
UNIT-V 06 Hours
Differential Equations : Some basic definitions, Order and degree, Equations in separable form , Homogeneous equations, Linear Differential equations, Exact equations, Application in solving Pharmacokinetic equations
Laplace Transform : Introduction, Definition, Properties of Laplace transform, Laplace Transforms of elementary functions, Inverse Laplace transforms, Laplace transform of derivatives, Application to solve Linear differential equations, Application in solving Chemical kinetics and Pharmacokinetics equations

Recommended Books (Latest Edition)

Differential Calculus by Shanthinarayan
Pharmaceutical Mathematics with application to Pharmacy by Panchaksharappa Gowda D.H.
Integral Calculus by Shanthinarayan
Higher Engineering Mathematics by Dr.B.S.Grewal

======= rgpv syllabus BPharm(PCI) Grading System 1st Semester 1030719011208-d28c6e5f

BP101T. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I (Theory)

45 Hours

Scope: This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure and functions of the various systems of the human body. It also helps in understanding both homeostatic mechanisms. The subject provides the basic knowledge required to understand the various disciplines of pharmacy.

Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to

Explain the gross morphology, structure and functions of various organs of the human body.
Describe the various homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances.
Identify the various tissues and organs of different systems of human body.
Perform the various experiments related to special senses and nervous system.
Appreciate coordinated working pattern of different organs of each system

Course Content:
Unit I 10 hours
- Introduction to human body
  Definition and scope of anatomy and physiology, levels of structural organization and body systems, basic life processes, homeostasis, basic anatomical terminology.
- Cellular level of organization
  Structure and functions of cell, transport across cell membrane, cell division, cell junctions. General principles of cell communication, intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule, Forms of intracellular signaling: a) Contact-dependent b) Paracrine c) Synaptic d) Endocrine
- Tissue level of organization
  Classification of tissues, structure, location and functions of epithelial, muscular and nervous and connective tissues.
  
  Unit II
- Integumentary system
  Structure and functions of skin
- Skeletal system

Divisions of skeletal system, types of bone, salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system

Organization of skeletal muscle, physiology of muscle contraction, neuromuscular junction

10 hours

Joints

Structural and functional classification, types of joints movements and its articulation

Unit III 10 hours

Body fluids and blood
Body fluids, composition and functions of blood, hemopoeisis, formation of hemoglobin, anemia, mechanisms of coagulation, blood grouping, Rh factors, transfusion, its significance and disorders of blood, Reticulo endothelial system.
Lymphatic system
Lymphatic organs and tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation and functions of lymphatic system

Unit IV 08 hours
Peripheral nervous system:
Classification of peripheral nervous system: Structure and functions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves.
- Special senses
  Structure and functions of eye, ear, nose and tongue and their disorders.
  
  Unit V 07 hours
Cardiovascular system

BP107P. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (Practical)

4 Hours/week

Study of compound microscope.
Microscopic study of epithelial and connective tissue
Microscopic study of muscular and nervous tissue
Identification of axial bones
Identification of appendicular bones
Introduction to hemocytometry.
Enumeration of white blood cell (WBC) count
Enumeration of total red blood corpuscles (RBC) count
Determination of bleeding time
Determination of clotting time
Estimation of hemoglobin content
Determination of blood group.
Determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
Determination of heart rate and pulse rate.
Recording of blood pressure.

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

Essentials of Medical Physiology by K. Sembulingam and P. Sembulingam. Jaypee brothers medical publishers, New Delhi.
Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness by Kathleen J.W. Wilson, Churchill Livingstone, New York
Physiological basis of Medical Practice-Best and Tailor. Williams & Wilkins Co,Riverview,MI USA
Text book of Medical Physiology- Arthur C,Guyton andJohn.E. Hall. Miamisburg, OH, U.S.A.
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora Grabowski. Palmetto, GA, U.S.A.
Textbook of Human Histology by Inderbir Singh, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers, New Delhi.
Textbook of Practical Physiology by C.L. Ghai, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers, New Delhi.
Practical workbook of Human Physiology by K. Srinageswari and Rajeev Sharma, Jaypee brother’s medical publishers, New Delhi.

Reference Books (Latest Editions)

Physiological basis of Medical Practice-Best and Tailor. Williams & Wilkins Co, Riverview, MI USA
Text book of Medical Physiology- Arthur C, Guyton and John. E. Hall. Miamisburg, OH, U.S.A.
Human Physiology (vol 1 and 2) by Dr. C.C. Chatterrje ,Academic Publishers Kolkata
BP102T. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Theory)
45 Hours
Scope: This course deals with the fundamentals of analytical chemistry and principles of electrochemical analysis of drugs

Objectives: Upon completion of the course student shall be able to
- understand the principles of volumetric and electro chemical analysis
- carryout various volumetric and electrochemical titrations
- develop analytical skills
  
  Course Content:
  UNIT-I 10 Hours
  1. Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope
    1. Different techniques of analysis
    2. Methods of expressing concentration
    3. Primary and secondary standards.
    4. Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutions- Oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sodium thiosulphate, sulphuric acid, potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate
  2. Errors: Sources of errors, types of errors, methods of minimizing errors, accuracy, precision and significant figures
  3. Pharmacopoeia, Sources of impurities in medicinal agents,limit tests.

UNIT-II 10 Hours

Acid base titration: Theories of acid base indicators, classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strong, weak, and very weak acids and bases, neutralization curves
Non aqueous titration: Solvents, acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl
UNIT-III 10 Hours
Precipitation titrations: Mohr’s method, Volhard’s, Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method, estimation of sodium chloride.
Complexometric titration: Classification, metal ion indicators, masking and demasking reagents, estimation of Magnesium sulphate, and calcium gluconate.
Gravimetry: Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis. Purity of the precipitate: co-precipitation and post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate.
Basic Principles,methods and application of diazotisation titration.
UNIT-IV 08 Hours
Redox titrations
1. Concepts of oxidation and reduction
2. Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications)
  Cerimetry, Iodimetry, Iodometry, Bromatometry, Dichrometry, Titration with potassium iodate
  UNIT-V 07 Hours
Electrochemical methods of analysis
- Conductometry- Introduction, Conductivity cell, Conductometric titrations, applications.
- Potentiometry - Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen, silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode), methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications.
- Polarography - Principle, Ilkovic equation, construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode, applications

BP108P. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Practical)

4 Hours / Week

Limit Test of the following
1. Chloride
2. Sulphate
3. Iron
4. Arsenic
Preparation and standardization of
1. Sodium hydroxide
2. Sulphuric acid
3. Sodium thiosulfate
4. Potassium permanganate
5. Ceric ammonium sulphate
Assay of the following compounds along with Standardization of Titrant
1. Ammonium chloride by acid base titration
2. Ferrous sulphate by Cerimetry
3. Copper sulphate by Iodometry
4. Calcium gluconate by complexometry
5. Hydrogen peroxide by Permanganometry
6. Sodium benzoate by non-aqueous titration
7. Sodium Chloride by precipitation titration
Determination of Normality by electro-analytical methods
1. Conductometric titration of strong acid against strong base
2. Conductometric titration of strong acid and weak acid against strong base
3. Potentiometric titration of strong acid against strong base

Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)

A.H. Beckett & J.B. Stenlake's, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol I & II, Stahlone Press of University of London
A.I. Vogel, Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic analysis
P. Gundu Rao, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Bentley and Driver's Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
John H. Kennedy, Analytical chemistry principles
Indian Pharmacopoeia.
BP103T. PHARMACEUTICS- I (Theory)
45 Hours
Scope: This course is designed to impart a fundamental knowledge on the preparatory pharmacy with arts and science of preparing the different conventional dosage forms.
Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to:
- Know the history of profession of pharmacy
- Understand the basics of different dosage forms, pharmaceutical incompatibilities and pharmaceutical calculations
- Understand the professional way of handling the prescription
- Preparation of various conventional dosage forms
  
  Course Content:
  UNIT – I 10 Hours
  - Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy: History of profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry and organization, Pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia.
  - Dosage forms: Introduction to dosage forms, classification and definitions
  - Prescription: Definition, Parts of prescription, handling of Prescription and Errors in prescription.
  - Posology: Definition, Factors affecting posology. Pediatric dose calculations based on age, body weight and body surface area.
    UNIT – II 10 Hours
  - Pharmaceutical calculations: Weights and measures – Imperial & Metric system, Calculations involving percentage solutions, alligation, proof spirit and isotonic solutions based on freezing point and molecular weight.
  - Powders: Definition, classification, advantages and disadvantages,Simple & compound powders – official preparations, dusting powders, effervescent, efflorescent and hygroscopic powders, eutectic mixtures. Geometric dilutions.
  - Liquid dosage forms: Advantages and disadvantages of liquid dosage forms. Excipients used in formulation of liquid dosage forms. Solubility enhancement techniques
    UNIT – III 08 Hours
  - Monophasic liquids: Definitions and preparations of Gargles, Mouthwashes, Throat Paint, Eardrops, Nasal drops, Enemas, Syrups, Elixirs, Liniments and Lotions.
  - Biphasic liquids:
  - Suspensions: Definition, advantages and disadvantages, classifications, Preparation of suspensions; Flocculated and Deflocculated suspension & stability problems and methods to overcome.
  - Emulsions: Definition, classification, emulsifying agent, test for the identification of type ofEmulsion, Methods of preparation & stability problems and methods to overcome.
    
    UNIT – IV 08 Hours
  - Suppositories: Definition, types, advantages and disadvantages, types of bases, methods of preparations. Displacement value & its calculations, evaluation of suppositories.
  - Pharmaceutical incompatibilities: Definition, classification, physical, chemical and therapeutic incompatibilities with examples.
    
    UNIV – V 07 Hours
  - Semisolid dosage forms: Definitions, classification, mechanisms and factors influencing dermal penetration of drugs. Preparation of ointments, pastes, creams and gels. Excipients used in semi solid dosage forms. Evaluation of semi solid dosages forms

Syrups
BP109P. PHARMACEUTICSI (Practical)
1. Syrup IP’66
2. Compound syrup of Ferrous Phosphate BPC’68
3 Hours / week
Elixirs a) Piperazine citrate elixir
1. Paracetamol pediatric elixir
Linctus a) Terpin Hydrate Linctus IP’66
1. Iodine Throat Paint (Mandles Paint)
Solutions
1. Strong solution of ammonium acetate
2. Cresol with soap solution
3. Lugol’s solution
Suspensions
1. Calamine lotion
2. Magnesium Hydroxide mixture
3. Aluminimum Hydroxide gel
Emulsions a) Turpentine Liniment
1. Liquid paraffin emulsion
Powders and Granules
1. ORS powder (WHO)
2. Effervescent granules
3. Dusting powder
4. Divded powders
Suppositories

Glycero gelatin suppository
Coca butter suppository
Zinc Oxide suppository

Semisolids
1. Sulphur ointment
2. Non staining-iodine ointment with methyl salicylate
3. Carbopal gel
Gargles and Mouthwashes
1. Iodine gargle
2. Chlorhexidine mouthwash

Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)

H.C. Ansel et al., Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Drug Delivery System, Lippincott Williams and Walkins, New Delhi.
Carter S.J., Cooper and Gunn’s-Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, CBS publishers, New Delhi.
M.E. Aulton, Pharmaceutics, The Science& Dosage Form Design, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
Indian pharmacopoeia.
British pharmacopoeia.
Lachmann. Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy,Lea& Febiger Publisher, The University of Michigan.
Alfonso R. Gennaro Remington. The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Lippincott Williams, New Delhi.
Carter S.J., Cooper and Gunn’s. Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publications, New Delhi.
E.A. Rawlins, Bentley’s Text Book of Pharmaceutics, English Language Book Society, Elsevier Health Sciences, USA.
Isaac Ghebre Sellassie: Pharmaceutical Pelletization Technology, Marcel Dekker, INC, New York.
Dilip M. Parikh: Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, Marcel Dekker, INC, New York.
Francoise Nieloud and Gilberte Marti-Mestres: Pharmaceutical Emulsions and Suspensions, Marcel Dekker, INC, New York.
BP104T. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Theory)
45 Hours Scope: This subject deals with the monographs of inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals.

Objectives: Upon completion of course student shall be able to
- know the sources of impurities and methods to determine the impurities in inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals
- understand the medicinal and pharmaceutical importance of inorganic compounds

Course Content:

UNIT I 10 Hours

Impurities in pharmaceutical substances: History of Pharmacopoeia, Sources and types of impurities, principle involved in the limit test for Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Arsenic, Lead and Heavy metals, modified limit test for Chloride and Sulphate
General methods of preparation, assay for the compounds superscripted with asterisk (*), properties and medicinal uses of inorganic compounds belonging to the following classes

UNIT II 10 Hours
Acids, Bases and Buffers: Buffer equations and buffer capacity in general, buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, stability, buffered isotonic solutions, measurements of tonicity, calculations and methods of adjusting isotonicity.
Major extra and intracellular electrolytes: Functions of major physiological ions, Electrolytes used in the replacement therapy: Sodium chloride*, Potassium chloride, Calcium gluconate* and Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS), Physiological acid base balance.
Dental products: Dentifrices, role of fluoride in the treatment of dental caries, Desensitizing agents, Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, and Zinc eugenol cement.

UNIT III 10 Hours
Gastrointestinal agents
Acidifiers: Ammonium chloride* and Dil. HCl
Antacid: Ideal properties of antacids, combinations of antacids, Sodium
Bicarbonate*, Aluminum hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide mixture
Cathartics: Magnesium sulphate, Sodium orthophosphate, Kaolin and Bentonite
Antimicrobials: Mechanism, classification, Potassium permanganate, Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide*, Chlorinated lime*, Iodine and its preparations

UNIT IV 08 Hours
Miscellaneous compounds
Expectorants: Potassium iodide, Ammonium chloride*. Emetics: Copper sulphate*, Sodium potassium tartarate Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate*, Ferrous gluconate
Poison and Antidote: Sodium thiosulphate*, Activated charcoal, Sodium nitrite333
Astringents: Zinc Sulphate, Potash Alum

UNIT V 07 Hours
Radiopharmaceuticals: Radio activity, Measurement of radioactivity, Properties of α, β, γ radiations, Half life, radio isotopes and study of radio isotopes - Sodium iodide I131, Storage conditions, precautions & pharmaceutical application of radioactive substances.

BP110P. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Practical)

4 Hours / Week

Limit tests for following ions
Limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates Modified limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates Limit test for Iron
Limit test for Heavy metals Limit test for Lead
Limit test for Arsenic
Identification test Magnesium hydroxide Ferrous sulphate Sodium bicarbonate Calcium gluconate Copper sulphate
Test for purity
Swelling power of Bentonite
Neutralizing capacity of aluminum hydroxide gel
Determination of potassium iodate and iodine in potassium Iodide
Preparation of inorganic pharmaceuticals

Boric acid Potash alum Ferrous sulphate

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

A.H. Beckett & J.B. Stenlake's, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol I & II, Stahlone Press of University of London, 4th edition.
A.I. Vogel, Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic analysis
P. Gundu Rao, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 3rd Edition
M.L Schroff, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Bentley and Driver's Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Anand & Chatwal, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Indian Pharmacopoeia
BP105T.COMMUNICATION SKILLS (Theory)
30 Hours
Scope: This course will prepare the young pharmacy student to interact effectively with doctors, nurses, dentists, physiotherapists and other health workers. At the end of this course the student will get the soft skills set to work cohesively with the team as a team player and will add value to the pharmaceutical business.
Objectives:
Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to
1. Understand the behavioral needs for a Pharmacist to function effectively in the areas of pharmaceutical operation
2. Communicate effectively (Verbal and Non Verbal)
3. Effectively manage the team as a team player
4. Develop interview skills
5. Develop Leadership qualities and essentials
  
  Course content:
  
  UNIT – I 07 Hours
  - Communication Skills: Introduction, Definition, The Importance of Communication, The Communication Process – Source, Message, Encoding, Channel, Decoding, Receiver, Feedback, Context
  - Barriers to communication: Physiological Barriers, Physical Barriers, Cultural Barriers, Language Barriers, Gender Barriers, Interpersonal Barriers, Psychological Barriers, Emotional barriers
  - Perspectives in Communication: Introduction, Visual Perception, Language, Other factors affecting our perspective - Past Experiences, Prejudices, Feelings, Environment
    
    UNIT – II 07 Hours
  - Elements of Communication: Introduction, Face to Face Communication - Tone of Voice, Body Language (Non-verbal communication), Verbal Communication, Physical Communication
  - Communication Styles: Introduction, The Communication Styles Matrix with example for each -Direct Communication Style, Spirited Communication Style, Systematic Communication Style, Considerate Communication Style
    UNIT – III 07 Hours
  - Basic Listening Skills: Introduction, Self-Awareness, Active Listening, Becoming an Active Listener, Listening in Difficult Situations
  - Effective Written Communication: Introduction, When and When Not to Use Written Communication - Complexity of the Topic, Amount of Discussion’ Required, Shades of Meaning, Formal Communication
  - Writing Effectively: Subject Lines, Put the Main Point First, Know Your Audience, Organization of the Message
    
    UNIT – IV 05 Hours
  - Interview Skills: Purpose of an interview, Do’s and Dont’s of an interview
  - Giving Presentations: Dealing with Fears, Planning your Presentation, Structuring Your Presentation, Delivering Your Presentation, Techniques of Delivery
    
    UNIT – V 04 Hours
  - Group Discussion: Introduction, Communication skills in group discussion, Do’s and Dont’s of group discussion
    BP111P.COMMUNICATION SKILLS (Practical)
    
    2 Hours / week
    Thefollowing learning modules are to be conducted using wordsworth® English language lab software
    
    Basic communication covering the following topics
    Meeting People Asking Questions Making Friends What did you do? Do’s and Dont’s
    Pronunciations covering the following topics Pronunciation (Consonant Sounds) Pronunciation and Nouns
    Pronunciation (Vowel Sounds)
    
    Advanced Learning
    Listening Comprehension / Direct and Indirect Speech Figures of Speech
    Effective Communication Writing Skills
    Effective Writing Interview Handling Skills E-Mail etiquette Presentation Skills
    Recommended Books: (Latest Edition)
    1. Basic communication skills for Technology, Andreja. J. Ruther Ford, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2011
    2. Communication skills, Sanjay Kumar, Pushpalata, 1stEdition, Oxford Press, 2011
    3. Organizational Behaviour, Stephen .P. Robbins, 1stEdition, Pearson, 2013
    4. Brilliant- Communication skills, Gill Hasson, 1stEdition, Pearson Life, 2011
    5. The Ace of Soft Skills: Attitude, Communication and Etiquette for success, Gopala Swamy Ramesh, 5thEdition, Pearson, 2013
    6. Developing your influencing skills, Deborah Dalley, Lois Burton, Margaret, Green hall, 1st Edition Universe of Learning LTD, 2010
    7. Communication skills for professionals, Konar nira, 2ndEdition, New arrivals –
      PHI, 2011
    8. Personality development and soft skills, Barun K Mitra, 1stEdition, Oxford Press, 2011
    9. Soft skill for everyone, Butter Field, 1st Edition, Cengage Learning india pvt.ltd, 2011
    10. Soft skills and professional communication, Francis Peters SJ, 1stEdition, Mc Graw Hill Education, 2011
    11. Effective communication, John Adair, 4thEdition, Pan Mac Millan,2009
    12. Bringing out the best in people, Aubrey Daniels, 2ndEdition, Mc Graw Hill, 1999
    BP 106RBT.REMEDIAL BIOLOGY (Theory)
    30 Hours
    
    Scope: To learn and understand the components of living world, structure and functional system of plant and animal kingdom.
    Objectives: Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able to
  - know the classification and salient features of five kingdoms of life
  - understand the basic components of anatomy & physiology of plant
  - know understand the basic components of anatomy & physiology animal with special reference to human
    
    UNIT I 07 Hours
    
    Living world:
  - Definition and characters of living organisms
  - Diversity in the living world
  - Binomial nomenclature
  - Five kingdoms of life and basis of classification. Salient features of Monera, Potista, Fungi, Animalia and Plantae, Virus,
    
    Morphology of Flowering plants
  - Morphology of different parts of flowering plants – Root, stem, inflorescence, flower, leaf, fruit, seed.
  - General Anatomy of Root, stem, leaf of monocotyledons & Dicotylidones.
    
    UNIT II 07 Hours
    
    Body fluids and circulation
  - Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood
  - Composition and functions of lymph
  - Human circulatory system
  - Structure of human heart and blood vessels
  - Cardiac cycle, cardiac output and ECG
    Digestion and Absorption
  - Human alimentary canal and digestive glands
  - Role of digestive enzymes
  - Digestion, absorption and assimilation of digested food
    Breathing and respiration
  - Human respiratory system
  - Mechanism of breathing and its regulation
  - Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration
  - Respiratory volumes
    UNIT III 07 Hours
    
    Excretory products and their elimination
  - Modes of excretion
  - Human excretory system- structure and function
  - Urine formation
  - Rennin angiotensin system
    Neural control and coordination
  - Definition and classification of nervous system
  - Structure of a neuron
  - Generation and conduction of nerve impulse
  - Structure of brain and spinal cord
  - Functions of cerebrum, cerebellum, hypothalamus and medulla oblongata
    Chemical coordination and regulation
  - Endocrine glands and their secretions
  - Functions of hormones secreted by endocrine glands
    Human reproduction
  - Parts of female reproductive system
  - Parts of male reproductive system
  - Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
  - Menstrual cycle
    
    UNIT IV 05 Hours
    Plants and mineral nutrition:
  - Essential mineral, macro and micronutrients
  - Nitrogen metabolism, Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation
    
    Photosynthesis
  - Autotrophic nutrition, photosynthesis, Photosynthetic pigments, Factors affecting photosynthesis.
    
    UNIT V 04 Hours
    
    Plant respiration:Respiration, glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic).
    Plant growth and development
  - Phases and rate of plant growth, Condition of growth,Introduction to plant growth regulators
    Cell - The unit of life
  - Structure and functions of cell and cell organelles.Cell division
    Tissues
  - Definition, types of tissues, location and functions.
    Text Books
    1. Text book of Biology by S. B. Gokhale
    2. A Text book of Biology by Dr. Thulajappa and Dr. Seetaram.

Reference Books

A Text book of Biology by B.V. Sreenivasa Naidu
A Text book of Biology by Naidu and Murthy
Botany for Degree students By A.C.Dutta.
Outlines of Zoology by M. Ekambaranatha ayyer and T. N. Ananthakrishnan.
A manual for pharmaceutical biology practical by S.B. Gokhale and C. K. Kokate

BP112RBP.REMEDIAL BIOLOGY (Practical)

Introduction to experiments in biology
1. Study of Microscope
2. Section cutting techniques
3. Mounting and staining
4. Permanent slide preparation
Study of cell and its inclusions
Study of Stem, Root, Leaf, seed, fruit, flower and their modifications
Detailed study of frog by using computer models
Microscopic study and identification of tissues pertinent to Stem, Root Leaf, seed, fruit and flower
Identification of bones
Determination of blood group
Determination of blood pressure
Determination of tidal volume

30 Hours

Reference Books

Practical human anatomy and physiology. by S.R.Kale and R.R.Kale.
A Manual of pharmaceutical biology practical by S.B.Gokhale, C.K.Kokate and S.P.Shriwastava.
Biology practical manual according to National core curriculum .Biology forum of Karnataka. Prof .M.J.H.Shafi
BP 106RMT.REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS (Theory)

30 Hours

Scope: This is an introductory course in mathematics. This subject deals with the introduction to Partial fraction, Logarithm, matrices and Determinant, Analytical geometry, Calculus, differential equation and Laplace transform.
Objectives:Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to:-
1. Know the theory and their application in Pharmacy
2. Solve the different types of problems by applying theory
3. Appreciate the important application of mathematics in Pharmacy
  
  Course Content:
  
  UNIT – I 06 Hours
  - Partial fraction
    Introduction, Polynomial, Rational fractions, Proper and Improper fractions, Partial fraction , Resolving into Partial fraction, Application of Partial Fraction in Chemical Kinetics and Pharmacokinetics
  - Logarithms
    Introduction, Definition, Theorems/Properties of logarithms, Common logarithms, Characteristic and Mantissa, worked examples, application of logarithm to solve pharmaceutical problems.
  - Function:
    Real Valued function, Classification of real valued functions,
  - Limits and continuity :

Introduction , Limit of a function, Definition of limit of a function ( - 

definition) , lim

xn a n

 nan1 , lim

sin

 1,

xa x  a  0 

UNIT –II 06 Hours

Matrices and Determinant:

UNIT – III 06 Hours

Calculus
Differentiation : Introductions, Derivative of a function, Derivative of a constant, Derivative of a product of a constant and a function , Derivative of the sum or difference of two functions, Derivative of the product of two functions (product formula), Derivative of the quotient of two functions (Quotient formula) – Without Proof, Derivative of xn w.r.tx,where n is any rational number, Derivative of ex,, Derivative of loge x , Derivative of ax,Derivative of trigonometric functions from first principles (without
Proof), Successive Differentiation, Conditions for a function to be a maximum or a minimum at a point. Application

UNIT – IV 06 Hours
Analytical Geometry
Introduction: Signs of the Coordinates, Distance formula,
Straight Line : Slope or gradient of a straight line, Conditions for parallelism and perpendicularity of two lines, Slope of a line joining two points, Slope – intercept form of a straight line
Integration:
Introduction, Definition, Standard formulae, Rules of integration , Method of substitution, Method of Partial fractions, Integration by parts, definite integrals, application
UNIT-V 06 Hours
Differential Equations : Some basic definitions, Order and degree, Equations in separable form , Homogeneous equations, Linear Differential equations, Exact equations, Application in solving Pharmacokinetic equations
Laplace Transform : Introduction, Definition, Properties of Laplace transform, Laplace Transforms of elementary functions, Inverse Laplace transforms, Laplace transform of derivatives, Application to solve Linear differential equations, Application in solving Chemical kinetics and Pharmacokinetics equations

Recommended Books (Latest Edition)

Differential Calculus by Shanthinarayan
Pharmaceutical Mathematics with application to Pharmacy by Panchaksharappa Gowda D.H.
Integral Calculus by Shanthinarayan
Higher Engineering Mathematics by Dr.B.S.Grewal

>>>>>>> html

BP101T. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I (Theory)

45 Hours

Scope: This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure and functions of the various systems of the human body. It also helps in understanding both homeostatic mechanisms. The subject provides the basic knowledge required to understand the various disciplines of pharmacy.

Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to

Course Content:

Unit I 10 hours

Introduction to human body

Cellular level of organization

Tissue level of organization

Unit II

Integumentary system

Skeletal system

10 hours

Joints

Unit III 10 hours

Body fluids and blood

Lymphatic system

Unit IV 08 hours

Peripheral nervous system:

Special senses

Unit V 07 hours

Cardiovascular system

BP107P. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (Practical)

4 Hours/week

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

Reference Books (Latest Editions)

BP102T. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Theory)

45 Hours

Scope: This course deals with the fundamentals of analytical chemistry and principles of electrochemical analysis of drugs

Objectives: Upon completion of the course student shall be able to

Course Content:

UNIT-I 10 Hours

Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope

Errors: Sources of errors, types of errors, methods of minimizing errors, accuracy, precision and significant figures

UNIT-II 10 Hours

Acid base titration: Theories of acid base indicators, classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strong, weak, and very weak acids and bases, neutralization curves

Non aqueous titration: Solvents, acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl

UNIT-III 10 Hours

Precipitation titrations: Mohr’s method, Volhard’s, Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method, estimation of sodium chloride.

Complexometric titration: Classification, metal ion indicators, masking and demasking reagents, estimation of Magnesium sulphate, and calcium gluconate.

Gravimetry: Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis. Purity of the precipitate: co-precipitation and post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate.

UNIT-IV 08 Hours

Redox titrations

UNIT-V 07 Hours

Electrochemical methods of analysis

Conductometry- Introduction, Conductivity cell, Conductometric titrations, applications.

Potentiometry - Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen, silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode), methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications.

Polarography - Principle, Ilkovic equation, construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode, applications

BP108P. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Practical)

4 Hours / Week

Limit Test of the following

Preparation and standardization of

Assay of the following compounds along with Standardization of Titrant

Determination of Normality by electro-analytical methods

Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)

BP103T. PHARMACEUTICS- I (Theory)

45 Hours

Scope: This course is designed to impart a fundamental knowledge on the preparatory pharmacy with arts and science of preparing the different conventional dosage forms.

Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to:

Course Content:

UNIT – I 10 Hours

Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy: History of profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry and organization, Pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia.

Dosage forms: Introduction to dosage forms, classification and definitions

Prescription: Definition, Parts of prescription, handling of Prescription and Errors in prescription.

Posology: Definition, Factors affecting posology. Pediatric dose calculations based on age, body weight and body surface area.

UNIT – II 10 Hours

Pharmaceutical calculations: Weights and measures – Imperial & Metric system, Calculations involving percentage solutions, alligation, proof spirit and isotonic solutions based on freezing point and molecular weight.

Powders: Definition, classification, advantages and disadvantages,Simple & compound powders – official preparations, dusting powders, effervescent, efflorescent and hygroscopic powders, eutectic mixtures. Geometric dilutions.

Liquid dosage forms: Advantages and disadvantages of liquid dosage forms. Excipients used in formulation of liquid dosage forms. Solubility enhancement techniques

UNIT – III 08 Hours

Monophasic liquids: Definitions and preparations of Gargles, Mouthwashes, Throat Paint, Eardrops, Nasal drops, Enemas, Syrups, Elixirs, Liniments and Lotions.

Biphasic liquids:

Suspensions: Definition, advantages and disadvantages, classifications, Preparation of suspensions; Flocculated and Deflocculated suspension & stability problems and methods to overcome.

Emulsions: Definition, classification, emulsifying agent, test for the identification of type ofEmulsion, Methods of preparation & stability problems and methods to overcome.

UNIT – IV 08 Hours

Suppositories: Definition, types, advantages and disadvantages, types of bases, methods of preparations. Displacement value & its calculations, evaluation of suppositories.

Pharmaceutical incompatibilities: Definition, classification, physical, chemical and therapeutic incompatibilities with examples.

UNIV – V 07 Hours

Semisolid dosage forms: Definitions, classification, mechanisms and factors influencing dermal penetration of drugs. Preparation of ointments, pastes, creams and gels. Excipients used in semi solid dosage forms. Evaluation of semi solid dosages forms

Syrups

Major extra and intracellular electrolytes: Functions of major physiological ions, Electrolytes used in the replacement therapy: Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Calcium gluconate and Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS), Physiological acid base balance.

Antimicrobials: Mechanism, classification, Potassium permanganate, Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide, Chlorinated lime, Iodine and its preparations

Expectorants: Potassium iodide, Ammonium chloride. Emetics: Copper sulphate, Sodium potassium tartarate Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate*, Ferrous gluconate